Subcutaneous injection is a vital technique in mouse-based biomedical research. Compared to other injections, the subcutaneous method poses fewer technical challenges and reduces acute toxicity risks ...

The goal of this chapter is to provide guidance to investigators and veterinarians in the selection of suitable pharmacologic agents and management strategies for the prevention or alleviation of pain ...

This study examined the effects of acute restraint stress in the presence or absence of naltrexone on the circulating concentrations of insulin, glucose, Met-enkephalin and corticosterone in ...